Essay --

Robyn HodeOld English folklore dates back to the beginning of American literature. A protagonist among many, redbreast Hood (Robyn Hode in Old English manuscript) is introduced into many books and playwrights. Some may argue that Robin Hoods strategies for balancing society were unethical, but thistheory could be strongly argued against, and furthermore disproven. Robin Hood could be considered ahero because of his excessive generosity, his ability to see every person as an equal individual, and his overall success to better society. To accurately view Robin Hoods motives, unmatched must look past the rules and laws set aside for the lower class made by higher officials, and understand that, level off more so in a less developed time period, that right and wrong does not depend on what the rich and powerful vocalize is right and wrong. Robin Hood looked past all of this, identified the true, moral decisions that needed to be made, and took charge. By d oing so, and taking a small portion of the richs riches and distributing it among the poor, is considered (arguably) one of the most notable heroes of the folkloreliterary era.In all of the tales written of the infamous Robin Hood, the characteristics illuminated most is hisexcessive generosity. Despite being stated an outlaw, Robin Hood is a good and generous person atheart, and is beloved by the townspeople for his deeds. (Jurns) While thieving and causing (occasional) mishap, Robyn Hode kept one motive in mind, and that was to take from the undeserving,(fat and rich), and give to the needy, (the poor). This obviously biased by assuming that all the rich argon greedy and all the poor are hopeless and deserving. In fact, in most cases people work hard fo... ...orth a sort of balance in society, one in which that needed to be presented. Because all the unfortunate people were too afraid to demand this equality in society, Robin Hoods bravery to go in and fight for what he stood fo r was look up to among the people.This is how he was presented the hero title, and why ballads and playwrights are told about him to this day.Robin Hoods strategy to better the society became a success. By stealing from the rich, to give to the poor, he not only set an example for people to follow his role as a hero, but it also created a balance within the social classes. alone today, taxes are distributed among the the country that are arguably fair. In Robins time, the wealthy placed harsh and unfair taxes among the people, many of them who could not afford to requital them. Failure to pay these taxes resulted in imprisonment, or even worse, death.

All The Kings Men :: essays papers

All The Kings Men All The Kings Men by Robert Penn warren is a novel of how jak Burden finds himself. It was a long, political road for Jack and it was the letters of an old relative that gave him a new perspective of the world. It bemused him at first, but in the passage I chose you can see what Jacks burden really is.Cass Mastern was an old relative of Jacks. Jack was doing his history dissertation on his life. During his life he spent eon with a couple he was friends with. He slept with his friends wife and when he got word of this he killed himself. Cass Mastern felt terrible for what he had caused and enlisted in the confederate army. He made sure he stayed a private, and would not fight for he had killed his friend and essential take punishment for his actions. He later was wounded and died from that wound. Jack was shocked at Casss life. This shock was because Cass Mastern lived for a few years and in that time he learned the world is all one piece. He learned that the world is like an enormous spider web and if you touch it, however lightly, at any point, the vibration ripples to the remotest perimeter and the drowsy no more but springs out to fling the gossamer coils about you who have touched the web and accordingly inject the black numbing poison under your hide. It does not matter whether or not you meant to brush the web of things. Your happy foot or your courageous wing may have brushed it ever so lightly, but what happens always happens and there is the spider, bearded black and with his great faceted eyes gleam like mirrors in the sun, or like Gods eye, and the fangs dripping.Jack couldnt accept the truth that your actions effect everyone and everything around you not just yourself. hitherto when these actions are meant for good, but they may have a bad effect on someone else and things can come back to haunt you. Jack had a very pessimistic view of the world. He would not accept any responsibility for his actions. He left school with out a care, left his wife without a care, and was often very rude when he was back home.

The Devestating Effects of Popcorn :: essays research papers

One of the biggest threats to freedom in our human today is the ever-looming possibility that mortal will realize the true power of popcorn and bring world leaders to their knees. Popcorn holds a power that to this point has remained untapped. However, if placed in the give of a terrorist organization, the true power of popcorn could be unleashed to wreak havoc on innocent men, women and children. Millions of people each year have the luxury of take in popcorn freely. Each night in this country alone, thousands of people flock to movie theaters to enjoy a large tub of popcorn while ceremony a new movie. Month after month the movies on the screen continue to change, following and sometimes affecting world trends, beliefs and styles. Through it all, the popcorn be the same. It continues to draw the movie patrons back to the theater with the bitter taste of salt mixed with a golden layer of liquid butter. Already, many around the human beings have been blindly enslaved to the ir resistible experience of leisurely consuming a tub of popcorn while tucked within the dark confines of a crowded picture show. Large snack corporations have manufactured their avow plans to cash in on the subconscious popcorn craze that is sweeping the globe. They carry on the popcorn security risk by delivering taste variations. With a light dusting of cheddar cheese or a quick dip into a caramel pool the popcorn is transformed, bringing new tastes to life that now fill the isles at every grocery store. In doing so, a whole new times of popcorn lovers are captured who couldnt possibly know the grave position they are placing themselves in. And proving that every movement has a following determined to do things their own way, some have taken to popping their own popcorn in the comfort of their homes. These renegades have tried to free themselves from a herd mentality by refusing to follow the crowd to a central location to partake in their favorite snack. They have still unknowi ngly resigned themselves to the same fate by locomote under popcorns powerful spell. A terrorist organization armed with this knowledge could potentially seize control of the worlds supply of popcorn and do so without much trouble. Our world leaders are unaware or choose to ignore this threat, and refuse to protect the supply lines of popcorn with the worlds finest armies.

Macbeth - Tragedy Or Satire :: essays research papers

William Shakespeare wrote four great tragedies, the last of which was written in 1606 and call Macbeth. This "tragedy", as it is considered by societal critics of yesterdays literary world, scrutinizes the evil dimension of conflict, offering a dark and gloomy atmosphere of a world dominated by the powers ofdarkness. Macbeth, more so than any of Shakespeares other tragic protagonists, has to face the powers and decide should he succumb or should he resist? Macbeth understands the reasons for resisting evil and except he proceeds with a disastrous plan, instigated by the prophecies of the three Weird Sisters. Thus we must ask the question If Macbeth is acting on the impulses stimulated by the prophecies of his fate, is this Shakespearean work of art really a Tragedy? Aristotle, one of the greatest men in the history of human thought, interpreted Tragedy as a genre aimed to present a heightened and harmonious imitation of nature, and, in particular, those aspects of nature that touch most closely upon human life. This I think Macbeth attains. However, Aristotle adds a few conditions.According to Aristotle, a tragedy must have six parts plot, reference work, diction, thought, spectacle, and song. Most important is the plot, the structure of the incidents. Tragedy is not an imitation of men, that of action and life. It is by mens actions that they acquire happiness or sadness. Aristotle stated, in response to Plato, that tragedy produces a healthful effect on the human character through a katharsis, a "proper purgation" of "pity and terror." A successful tragedy, then, exploits and appeals at the start to two basic emotions fear and pity. Tragedy deals with the fraction of evil, with what we least want and most fear to face, and with what is destructive to human life and values. It also draws out our ability to sympathize with the tragic character, feeling some of the impingement of the evil ourselves. Does Macbeth succeed at this le vel? Can the reader feel pity and terror for Macbeth? Or does the reader feel that Macbeth himself is merely a divide from the root of all evil and not the poor, forsaken, fate-sunken man, according to Aristotles idea of tragedy, he is supposed to portray? Can the reader "purge" his emotions of pity and fear by placing himself in the chains of fate Macbeth has been imprisoned in? Or does he feel the power and greed upon which Macbeth thrives, prospers, and finally falls?

Wedding Speech †Best Man -- Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches

Wedding Speech Best ManBefore I begin with Leons character assassination, I should probably introduce myself, as a lot of you dont know memy name is Andy. My full name is actually Andy WhatcanIgetyou. For those of you who I meet in the bar later, Id appreciate it if you could Use my full name.Id also like to remind you, that the more you laugh at my gags the faster my speech will be deliveredso its in your own outdo interestI think being a opera hat man can be a very nerve racking experience(pause) if theres one person here this afternoon feeling nervous, apprehensive and queasy about what lies out front.then its probably because youve just married Leon.Anyway, I wanted to take this opportunity, not only to demolish Leons reputation and character, but also to run out about Leon AND Lucy as a couple.In September 1998, Leon and I two started and met at Bath University. I think, in hindsight, going to Bath was one of the best decisions Leon ever made, as a few days in, he met Luc y. And from what I remember about 1st course (which frankly isnt a lot), in spite of appearance a few weeks they were sp demolitioning a lot of their time together and started to get quite closeI remember myself and the other lads in our folk used to constantly badger Leon to make an advance. And as youll probably know, Leon IS a bit of a fast mover when it comes to the ladies ..(pause), so it took him only 1 year (pause) (and severa... ...st doesnt like to interrupt.On a more serious note, theres not many best men who can describe both the groom and the bride as a true friend, and in that, I think Im very lucky. It is an honour, albeit a most terrifying one, to have been asked to be the best man here today. But if Im honest I do feel a certain relief to see the end of my duties in sight, as Im totally certain that Leon will never have a need to call on met to be his best man again.As a final thought you dont marry someone because you can live with them, you marry them because you simply cannot live without themLadies and Gentlemen, enthral be upstanding and join me in a toast to Mr and Mrs grooms surnameLeon and Lucy

Computer Architecture :: Essays Papers

Computer Architecture 1. There have been a lot of developments in microprocessors since the 286 chip. The 286 mainframe computer are no longer sold and are real rarely found in commercial use today because of its running speeding, which is amidst 10MHz to 20MHz. This processor has a 24-bit address bus, and is able to address up to 16 million different address locations. It as well has two operating modes, which are real mode and protected mode. The real mode is basically for normal commonwealth operations and it uses only 8086 code (8086 was the previous CPU). When it was in protected mode the CPU is able to access beyond the 1mb address limit and employed its added features, which were intend for multi-tasking operations such as Windows, but this CPU is not powerful enough to carry out these multi-tasking operations. The 286 came with a bus width of 16-bit interior(a), 24-bit address, and 16-bit outer, with an external speed of between 6MHz 25MHz, and an internal speed of b etween 6MHz 25MHz. The next CPU was the 386, this is also no longer produced it had a slightly faster running speeds which are between 16MHz to 40MHz. This CPU could carry out effective multi tasking operations. It also had a substantial improvement in both memory management and it had an enlarged instruction set. It is also the minimum CPU for running windows. It came in two types the 386 SX and the 386 DX. The SX had a 32-bit internal data path but it only had a 16-bit path between the CPU and the computer memory. The DX on the other hand had a 32-bit data bus between the CPU and the memory chips allowing larger data transfers so it had faster by put. It also was able to use external cache memory, usually about 64k, which also improved performance. The 386 came in two different types they both had a internal bus width of 32 bit, the SX had a address bus width of 24 bit, and a external bus width of 16 bit, its internal and external speed was between 16MHz 33MHz. The DX however h ad an address and external bus width of 32 bit, its internal and external speed was between 33MHz40MHz.The 486 were the next CPU, this is still produced, in that respect was little change to the 386 instruction set, but the 486 ran at speeds between 20MHz to 100MHz.

Computer Architecture :: Essays Papers

Computer Architecture 1. There have been a mussiness of developments in microprocessors since the 286 chip. The 286 CPU atomic number 18 no longer sold and are very rarely found in commercial use today because of its caterpillar tread speed, which is between 10MHz to 20MHz. This processor has a 24-bit address jalopy, and is able to address up to 16 million different address locations. It similarly has two operating manners, which are real mode and protected mode. The real mode is basically for normal DOS operations and it uses only 8086 code (8086 was the previous CPU). When it was in protected mode the CPU is able to access beyond the 1mb address limit and employed its added features, which were intended for multi-tasking operations such as Windows, but this CPU is not sinewy enough to carry out these multi-tasking operations. The 286 came with a bus largeness of 16-bit interior, 24-bit address, and 16-bit external, with an external speed of between 6MHz 25MHz, and an inter nal speed of between 6MHz 25MHz. The next CPU was the 386, this is also no longer produced it had a slightly faster running speeds which are between 16MHz to 40MHz. This CPU could carry out effective multi tasking operations. It also had a material improvement in both memory management and it had an enlarged instruction set. It is also the minimum CPU for running windows. It came in two types the 386 SX and the 386 DX. The SX had a 32-bit internal data path but it only had a 16-bit path between the CPU and the computer memory. The DX on the other hand had a 32-bit data bus between the CPU and the memory chips allowing larger data transfers so it had faster through put. It also was able to use external cache memory, usually near 64k, which also improved performance. The 386 came in two different types they both had a internal bus width of 32 bit, the SX had a address bus width of 24 bit, and a external bus width of 16 bit, its internal and external speed was between 16MHz 33MHz. The DX however had an address and external bus width of 32 bit, its internal and external speed was between 33MHz40MHz.The 486 were the next CPU, this is still produced, there was little change to the 386 instruction set, but the 486 ran at speeds between 20MHz to 100MHz.

The Need to Study English as a Foreign Language

WHY DO WE STUDY ENGLISH It is necessary to study at least one foreign quarrel today. Thats why pupils have got such subject as a foreign language at school. The problem of retarding foreign languages is very key today. overseas languages are socially demanded especially at the present time. We know that the progress in science and technology has led to an explosion of knowledge and has contributed to an overflow of education. The amount of money knowledge of mankind is known to double every seven years.Foreign languages are needed as the main and the most efficient means of information exchange of the people of our planet. Today English is the language of the world. English isnt only the national or formal language of some thirty states, which epitomise different cultures, but it is also the major international language of communication in such areas as science, technology, business and mass entrainment. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organizat ion and other political organizations.It is the language of literature, education, modern music and international tourism. I learn English because I show that I throw out use it. As Im going to work in the sphere of management in Electronic Equipment Trade, I think that it is very important for a specialist of high qualification to speak at least one foreign language. English is extremely necessary as it is the most popular language of international business communication. I learn English because I want to read foreign literature in the original. Besides, the English language is the language of the great literature.A lot of modern literature and many new films in English come out every year. If you know English, you can understand them without translation. No wonder that most educated people speak English fluently. I like to travel, but it is difficult to visit new places, when you dont know the language of these countries. And it is much easier to travel when you know the langua ge. If I want to ask something, I can do it in English. Today, one person in seven of the worlds population either knows English or learns it. So a modern and a cultured person must learn foreign languages.

Goal formulation statement Essay

Goals are developed from the SWOT analysis. This is not a wishful thinking. Goals attain objectives that are specific with respect to magnitude and time. A intent is a realistic, measurable, time-dated target of accomplishment in the future. Why goal formulation so primary(prenominal) thing for strategic planning? Strategic planning is a influence that determines the future of organization. Goal formulation determines resource allocation needed. Having a proven process for strategic planning and goal formulation makes the effort more efficient.This assures that a strategic plan will provide a frame that will reach a companys future. Goals formulation converts the companys mission, objectives, strategic vision to specific performance targets, something the companys fare plenty be determined. All goals must be stated in quantifiable or measurable terms, contain a deadline for achievement. Lets consider a goal formulation process in terms of mobile restaurant business with food t o-go, which is popular in the United States but still not presented present in Kazakhstan.Worldwide crisis gave a way to this specific business where not only professionals chief cooks that has been fired or lost their business due to being unprofitable even simple ex-office clerk who lost job during recession can run it. Cooks prepare and sell food right on the avenue where truck parked. The main goal of every business is to generate profit. However, the goals of every business change, depending on the type of industry they are in, the demands of the market, the current condition of the market.To be specificWhen setting business goals, entrepreneur should keep in mind that specificity is really all important(predicate) to visualize exactly how the end result would be. For example founder sales of $ 500 000 after running my mobile restaurant entity for year is more specific goal, than simple I want to be rich. Then, 1 more specific goal is how much branches with me trucks, I wish to arrest after a specific number of years, the exact number of employees after a year, the exact number of customers I regularly have on a daily basis.To be measurable This aspect of goal formulation is tied up with specificity. I need to have a unit of vizorment to determine how close I am to my goals. For example, during measuring financial status, I need to measure sales, expenses per day. To be Attainable A good approach is to divide a huge goal into littler objectives to help entrepreneur achieve through smaller steps. Setting realistic goals, based on personal capability, the current workforce and the resources available in the company.To be RealisticTo know how to set right goals, I have to check current capabilities and resources first, check how well the business is doing and do a thorough evaluation before setting business goals. For example, I can check how many customers I have, how many total sales generate per day, then make goal formulation on the daily basi s. I have to be careful about the current situation on the market, as well as the demand for particular product service. Another thing is to compose marketing scheme, which helps make goals more realistic.To be Time-bound Business goes on as long as I have enough resources and manpower to sustain it. This is a ideal marketing to set goals on a daily, monthly, quarterly and yearly basis. I suppose setting huge goals in a short interval of time can headliner to unreal and unattainable results, still setting small goals over a long period of time can lead to delay and wastage. Set task and use enough time for accomplishment for business to grow. Business plan includes goals formulation in its first part.This is really important for businessman, especially if he seeks an investor. Its extremely significant to look narrowly at goals of the business over at least one full year. entrepreneur should do a monthly review of business to identify which goals have been accomplished. After yea r, recheck and adjust everything. A business will go on to progress as long as there are available goals and objectives. Even if business doing well, setting new goals and working with the trends must take place.

Human Papilloma Virus in Teens Essay

Teenagers in the United States are becoming sexually active at an earlier age and have more exposure to sexually transmitted diseases. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is one of the leading causes of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States (Center for Disease Control, 2012), and the age throng with the highest prevalence of HPV are teenagers. With the growing number of teenagers exposed to HPV, the incidence of cervical cancer is increasing in the US. The accept of epidemiology focuses on the interventions and preventions available to decrease the prevalence and incidence of HPV, cervical cancer, and genital warts in teenagers.This paper will evaluate the role of epidemiology in HPV by utilizing the epidemiological triangle, methods and types of epidemiology, the population affected, and the levels of prevention in the HPV disease. Epidemiology is the study of populations in order to monitor the health of the population, understand the determinants of health and disease o f communities, and investigate and evaluate interventions to prevent disease and maintain health (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008). Epidemiology is a comprehension that includes both infectious and chronic diseases and influences clinical medicine and public health through research.Epidemiology focuses on evidence-based practice and the outcomes are utilized to guide a channelise in practice. The influence of the research is community wide and focuses on the services provided in the community. The purpose of epidemiology is to find the causes of disease, the prevention of morbidity and mortality, and to predict the occurrence of disease in the populations at risk. Nurses use epidemiology as a data tool in designing, implementing, and evaluating the health problems in the community (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008).Human Papilloma virus is the primordial cause of sexually transmitted disease among teenagers and can result in co-morbidity such as cervical cancer and genital warts. Research h as indicated that the vaccines available are effective in the prevention of cervical cancer and genital warts caused by HPV. HPV in teens can be affected by lack of education approximately safe sex practices, and the lack of access to healthcare facilities executing medical screening. Legal consideration involving vaccine administration, in the state of Tennessee, is parental consent.The public health nurse can play a role in the community by advocating and communicating with government officials for the vaccine to be required for entrance into school. Primary, secondary, and ordinal prevention have significant implications towards HPV management, cervical cancer, and genital warts. Prevention of HPV through education, screening, and vaccinations is the most effective technique to decrease the prevalence and incidence cervical cancer, and genital warts in teenagers.

Reaction Paper to Comprehension-Based Approach in English Language Teaching

A. Summary of Comprehension Based Approach The Comprehension Approach refers to several methodologies of lecture cultivation that emphasize understanding of lyric poem rather than speaking. It is a pedagogical/instructive principle, which can be found in a number of methods and in applicatory listening cellular inclusion a. lore should be taught by training needers to understand meaning in the target language b. the describeers level of comprehension should always glide by their ability to produce language c. roductive language skills will emerge more naturally when learners have well developed comprehension skills d. such an approach reflects how children learn their first language.The Comprehension Approach scholars share the belief that a) comprehension abilities precede productive skills in learning a language b) the learning of speech should be delayed until comprehension skills are established c) skills acquired through listening transfer to other skills and d) teachi ng should emphasize learner stress-free environment etc Its other Principles Listening comprehension is very important and is viewed as the underlying skill that will allow speaking, reading and writing to develop spontaneously over time given the rightfield conditions. Learners should deject by listening to meaningful speech and by responding nonverbally in meaningful ways before they produce any language themselves Learners should not speak until they feel ready to do so this results in better pronunciation than if the learner is forced to speak immediately Learners fortify by macrocosm exposed to meaningful input that is just ne step beyond their level of competence acquirers was not always 100% in the studies, there were statistically significant similarities that reinforced the existence of a Natural Order of language acquisition. Rule learning may help learners monitor (or become aware of) what they do, just it will not aid their acquisition or spontaneous use of targ et language. Error correction is seen as unnecessary and perhaps even harmful the important thing is that the learners can understand and make themselves understood. If the teacher is not infixed (or near native) speaker, appropriate materials such as audiotapes and videotapes must be ready(prenominal) to provide the appropriate input for the learners. B. Reaction to the Comprehension Based Approach The Comprehension- Based Approach refers to several methodologies of language learning that emphasize understanding of language rather than speaking I chose Comprehension Based Approach among other approaches because based on experience I applied many of its principles in teaching English and comprehension to Grade Six students.I believe that teaching English using Comprehension Approach to the learners is the very core and heart of letting your pupils learn the English language. Comprehension Approach is the true essence of teaching the English language. Learners cannot write and sp eak English effectively if they cannot understand/comprehend their lessons at hand. This back up by Comprehension Based Principle that comprehension abilities precede productive skills in learning a language. Teaching comprehension skills in English is a vital tool of the pupils in studying their other subjects like Math and Science.Math teachers complained to me all the time that the reason their students failed in solving math problems is because they cannot understand what is be asked in the problem. They said that their pupils do not know how to comprehend the problem which presupposes that their problem is their English comprehension skills rather than their computing abilities in Math. The same goes with my Science class, scientific concepts cannot be understood all at once by the students in Science so I have to teach them how to understand experience facts and concepts.I let them listen first to my explanation and description of a science fact and concept. I also translat e some of the English terms to the native language for them to digest the subject matter. I concur to the principle of Comprehension Based Approach that listening comprehension is very important and is viewed as the basic skill that will allow speaking, reading and writing to develop spontaneously over time given the right conditions.I also agree to its principle that learners should begin by listening to meaningful speech and by responding nonverbally in meaningful ways before they produce any language themselves and to the principle learners progress by being exposed to meaningful input that is just one step beyond their level of competence . A lot of my lesson plans was geared in developing comprehension skills of my students in English. I taught the learners how to understand the meaning of the target language through many ways.For instance before letting the students read a passage or a story, we unlock difficulties of some vocabulary rule books that are new to the pupils. Aft er reading the story and the passage, pupils were made to answer questions in relation to the story to check whether they understand the story or the passage. Another instance where I teach them comprehension skills is when I teach them the skill of getting the context clue. Context clues are words and phrases in a sentence which help students define the meaning of an unfamiliar word.I teach them how to understand the unfamiliar word by how it is used in the sentence and through the help of its neighboring words which are clues to lead them to define the unknown word. This kind of skill is buttress upon the principle of Comprehension Based Approach wherein productive language skills will emerge more naturally when learners have well developed comprehension skills and comprehension should be taught by teaching learners to understand meaning in the target language. Learners need not produce the unknown word in the target language unless they harness their comprehension faculties.

Animal Farm Russian Revolution Analysis

Russian Revolution and Animal Farm Image a brutal Communist Soviet revolution. Now opine a group of bacillusyard animals who free themselves from humans in an effort to be free, and rule themselves. In the well-renowned fable Animal Farm by George Orwell the Old majors Dream, the construction(s) of the windmill and sleep himself are all symbolic representations of the Russian Revolution. Old Majors Dream blatantly represents Karl Marxs Communist pronunciamento. Orwell alter the basic estimations of Marxs Manifesto into Majors dream.Major states that humans are the only species that consume without producing and animals must overthrow them which is relevant to Marxs main idea, that capitalists put in all the profit from the workers profit, and he suggested they overthrow the capitalists if they wanted to be more successful. Old Majors dream also represents the Manifesto the way he ends his speech. Marx ends the Manifesto with commanding the workers to unite, while Old Major en ds his speech with commanding his comrades to rebel, both were advocating change.Orwell clearly portrayed Marxs Manifesto in the story by allegorizing through Old Majors dream. Another even that directly represented the Russian Revolution was the construction(S) of the windmill, and it represented the conflict amongst Stalin and Trotsky. Trotsky wanted to continue to spread the revolution, while Stalin wanted to focus on establishing communism in the newly attained Russian countries. This dispute really caused a division, with people following certain sides.In Animal Farm Napoleon felt it was unnecessary to build the windmill and suppressed it, while Snowball promoted it, which divided the Farm. at once Napoleon realized that Snowballs promotion could have an impact, he exiled him from the farm, as did Stalin to Trotsky. Once their rival had been exiled, they continued to build the windmill and Communism. The decision whether or not to build the windmill represented the decision w hether or not to spread Communism, the windmill symbolized Communism. In Animal Farm, the character Napoleon symbolizes Stalin himself.Napoleon acted as an emblem of Stalin, mirroring many of the actions he made. For example, Stalin exiled Trotsky and Napoleon got rid of Snowball, Stalin removed many other opponents and then adopted some of their ideas similarly Napoleon who eliminated Snowball but took his idea of building the windmill, both had a serious of purges where they murdered many traders and such, both were very harsh to their workers with Stalin and collectivization which lead to a huge famine and Napoleon with reduced rations, and they both were deceived, Stalin by Germany and Napoleon by Mr.Federick. Orwell adequately portrayed Stalin as Napoleon which is evident due to all these similarities. Old Majors dream represented the Communist Manifesto, the construction of the windmill represented the feud amongst Trotsky and Stalin, and Napoleon represents Stalin. The autho r brilliantly allegorized features of the Russian Revolution into a fable consisting of barn animals, and each individual animals supposed personality fit well. Animal Farm is a direct symbol of the Russian Revolution.

Community and Population Health Essay

IntroductionI currently reside in capital of carbon monoxide gas County, cobalt. I wee-wee chosen to assess and analyze this community for this assignment. capital of Colorado, Colorado is located east of the Eastern Foothills of the Rocky tidy sums. capital of Colorado County is centrally located inside the city of capital of Colorado, Colorado and includes the capital of Colorado International Airport located north-east of the city. The elevation of this county is 5,277 feet and therefore is nicknamed the ml-High City. Denver County contains 154.9 squ atomic get along 18 miles of land with a large amount of parks and rivers, of which 1.4 miles is water. (City and County of Denver, 2011). nation Economic StatusAccording to the 2010 census, Denver County has a universe of 600,158 people with a median age of 33.7 years old (U.S. census Bureau, 2010a). Denver Countys population is rough 50% male and 50% egg-producing(prenominal) (U.S. census Bureau, 2010a). The ethnicity of Denver County is predominately White (52.2%), with Hispanic (31.8%) and Black (9.8%) ethnic groups comprising the next largest population groups (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010a).The median habitation income in Denver County from 2008-2012 was is $49,091 compared to $58,244 for the entire tell of Colorado (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010b). From2008-2012, 18.9% of households were at or below poverty compared to an average of 12.9% for the entire state of Colorado (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010b). The average reported unemployment rate for persons ages 16 + in Denver County was 8.6% (with a +/- 0.4% margin of error) (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010a).Denver County has a uplifted role of educated surviveforce. In 2008-2012, 36.7% of the population age 25 + had obtained their Bachelors Degree, or a higher level of raising compared 28.5% for the entire US (U.S. CensusBureau, 2010b). Although Denver County has a large percentage of educated residents, it alike has a high number of homeless residents. In a survey taken in January 2013, an estimated 11,167 people were homeless in Denver (including employed homeless) (Metro Denver Homeless Initiative, 2013). Of those individuals, 43% were women and 62% were adults with children (Metro Denver Homeless Initiative, 2013).The birth rate in Denver County in 2012 was 9,236 (Colorado part of ordinary Health and Environment, 2012). This was average compared to the previous deuce years in 2011 there were 9,431 births compared to 2010 where there were 9,584 births (Colorado department of Public Health and Environment, 2012). Denver Countys d feasth rate in 2012 was 4,220 (Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, 2012). This number was average compared to the previous devil years as well in 2011 there were 4,156 deaths and in 2010 there were 4,210 deaths. The number angiotensin converting enzyme cause of death in Denver County from 2010 2012 was cardiovascular disease (Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, 20 12). The majority of deaths connect to population was individuals age 85+ (Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, 2012).Denver County offers two primary basic food assistance programs. These programs are called scissure (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) and WIC (Women, Infants, and Children). For the fiscal year of 2013, Colorado had an average of 47,636,090 persons from a total of 23,052,396 households were signed up for SNAP benefits (USDA, 2014a). This number had increased by approximately 1,027,016 persons from 2012 fiscal year (USDA, 2014a). For the fiscal year of 2013, Colorado had an average of 8,662,591 persons (including women, infants, and children) were receiving supplemental nutrition from the WIC program (USDA, 2014b). This number decreased by 245,249 persons from 2012 fiscal year (USDA, 2014b). heathen AssessmentThe population size and sex of the cultural group I interviewed was of cardinal white women. forbidden of the twenty women I inte rviewed, ten women were between the ages of 20-29 years old and ten women were between the ages of30-49 years old. All twenty women are currently registered nurses on the internal medicine/oncology floor at the hospital I am currently employed at. The amount of nursing experience these individuals set about ranges from two years to 29 years of experience. All twenty individuals interviewed have health insurance.The attitudes toward age and aging of the twenty individuals surveyed varied with a similar goal of staying healthy to prevent the onslaught of diseases. The younger group interviewed felt it was important to eat healthy and exercise to promote internal health and wideevity of life in general. The older group interviewed were more specific with their answers and felt it was important to restrain low stress lifestyles to promote good mental and carnal health, to exercise to promote strong bones/balance, to perform mental exercises to help prevent the onset of dementia, a nd to regularly attend appointments. Both groups agreed that positive vs. negative attitudes directly affect physical health and ones quality of life.When I asked both groups of their opinions regarding what age adolescents are considered adults, I received drastically different answers. The younger group felt as if ages 18-19 years old are considered adults related to indian lodges description of an adult, the independency promoted with high school graduation, and the onset of college. The older group felt as if ages 22-23 years old are considered adults primarily related to maturity, life experiences, and the beginning of an entry level career after completion of a college degree. Both groups felt as if college education was an expectation. All of the individuals interviewed currently have their degree in nursing with an active nursing license.Approximately one-third of those interviewed have their Bachelors Degree in Nursing and several of those interviewed throw recognizable s pecialty healthcare certifications. As an entirety, the group interviewed is healthy. Over half of those interviewed have no prior diagnoses regarding their state physical of health. The most obvious physical characteristic that both groups share is being overweight with eleven out of the twenty women interviewed currently being overweight according to their projected BMI.The entire population interviewed shared the mental challenge of overcoming the stress presented at work regarding difficult/challenging patients and all women interviewed believed they have compromised their safety while caring for a patient at one period or another in their career. When I asked this group what the usual sources of stress are, work was number one for all twenty women interviewed. The younger population interviewed stated that children/family and educational goals are some of their secondary sources of stress.The older population interviewed stated that aging/retirement and the health of other fa mily members are their secondary sources of stress. Both groups primarily use the mountains/nature and outdoor activities, such as skiing and hiking, to cope with stress. Five of the individuals drive nearly sixty miles to work (one-way) daily, related to owning a home in the mountains to escape the rush and chaos of the city and helping to find a balance in life.Out of all twenty individuals interviewed, over 3/4 of the woman are married and/or have a significant other. When asked what their number one precedence in life was, family was consistently number one. Most all other interests and goals were related to benefiting or bettering the family. Some of the answers named were continuing educational goals, buying a immature home, having a baby, planning retirement, and helping their parents with activities of daily life. Of the cultural group identified, all of them share a team up attitude while still exhibiting individualist perspectives incomparable to personal preferences and opinions.Neighborhood/Community SafetyDenver is divided into about 80 different official neighborhoods in spite of appearance Denver County (City and County of Denver, 2011). Those 80 different neighborhoods have been divided into seven law of nature and fire districts including Denver International Airport with has its own district (Denver Police Department, 2014 Denver bite Department, 2014). The average response time for the Denver Police Department varied in 2013 from 14.9 minutes to respond to urgent, emergency calls (from the time a 911 call was received to the time an officer arrived on the survey) to 16.9 minutes for an officer to respond to a non-emergency call (Maass, 2013). According to Lt. Matt Murray from the Denver Police Department, these slow response propagationhave been directly fit with a lack of officers (Maass, 2013). According to Murray, the Denver Police Department can have as many as 1,426 officers and as of October 3, 2013, the Denver Police Depart ment had only 1,350 officers (Maass, 2013). A newfangled class of 70 recruits are currently in training in hopes to decrease the departments response times in 2014 (Maass, 2013).The Denver Fire Department maintains 34 different fire stations that are strategically split into seven districts (Denver Fire Department, 2014). Firefighters each work an average of three 24-hour shift with an average of 180 firefighters on-duty per shift (Denver Fire Department, 2014). The Denver Fire Department responds to a variety of calls including Fire Suppression, Rescue Operations, Hazardous Materials Response, Technical Rescue, Urban Search and Rescue, Water and Ice Rescue, High Angle Rope Rescue, Confined Space and deep Rescue, Wildland Firefighting, and tweak Medical Services.They also perform thousands of building inspections annually, daily training and certifications, cosmos and community education, school fire drills, and organize other special events (Denver Fire Department, 2014). Accord ing to the Denver Fire Department 2012 Annual Report, there were a total of 101,531 alarms/calls made in 2012 that required the response of the fire department team (Maass, 2013). Out of those 101,531 calls made to the fire department, 54,350 were for medical calls, 8,103 were for auto accidents, 2,248 were for fires, and approximately 37,000 calls required other services or rescues (Maass, 2013).Denver County has a significant amount of violence, crime, and doughnut activity within the community. In January/February 2014 there were a total of 7,268 crimes captured by the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) (Denver Police Department, 2014). According to this reporting system, the crimes are smooth in the mouth down into four categories (1) crimes against persons, (2) crimes against property, (3) crimes against society, and (4) all other offenses (Denver Police Department, 2014). The top two offenses in Denver County per category included (1) simple assault and aggra vated assault, (2) theft and criminal mischief/damaged property, (3) medicine/narcotic violations and prostitution, and (4) disorderly conduct/disturbing the peace andcriminal trespassing (Denver Police Department, 2014). These figures are slightly ideal from a total of 6,822 crimes in January/February 2013 (Denver Police Department, 2014). in that respect is a variety of different bunch activity in Denver County. In 2003, Denver police estimated that there were 14,000 gang members in Denver who were affiliated with 220 different gangs ( halo activity in Denver, 2013). The Denver Police Department has since created gang prevention programs including education, a gang hotline, outreach programs for former gang members, crime stoppers anonymous tips hotline, and the Denver Police Department Gang Bureau (Denver Police Department, 2014). Even with gang prevention involvement in the community and with these prevention programs in place, from January-September 2013 there was a total o f 143 total crimes that could be directly related to gang activity (Gurman, 2013). These crimes included homicides, sexual assault, robberies, and aggravated assault (Gurman, 2013).Denver County is also populated with a high level of alcohol and drug a coach-and-foure. The availability of marihuana with the recent legalization of recreational marijuana makes marijuana the most widely abused drug in Denver County (Mendelson, 2014). Alcohol, methamphetamines, heroin, cocaine, and prescription drugs are all engraft within the city limits of Denver as well (Mendelson, 2014). Denver County is centrally located between two interstates I-25 and I-70. These interstates have many different entry and exit points to and from the city that provide easier access for drug trafficking and other illegal activities.Denver County has many different programs protecting its air and water quality. The environmental bore Division (EQD) is responsible for a variety of measures including conducting comp laisance inspections of air emissions, monitor pollutant levels, issuing permits, and constructing models of air pollutant levels in the Denver area (Department of Environmental Health, 2014a). In February 2014 Colorado became the first state to regulate methane emissions from hydraulic fracking (Kroh, 2014). This new regulation exit directly increase water quality and decrease smog in the Denver area. The Department of Environmental Health (DEH) is responsible for monitoring the quality of water in Denvers lakes andstreams. The DEH collects an average of 13,000+ water samples and conducts more than 50,000 tests annually to ensure that Denvers drinking water is fresh and safe (Department of Environmental Health, 2014c). The goal is for the city of Denver to have fishable and swimmable waters in all the lakes and streams by 2020 (Department of Environmental Health, 2014c).Denvers Departments of Environmental Health, Public Works, and Parks and Recreation are all work together to en sure that the City meets this goal (Department of Environmental Health, 2014c). Denvers current number one pollutant is trash and litter. Urban Drainage and Flood control district alone collects approximately nose candy tons of trash from the streams and rivers in Denver annually (Department of Environmental Health, 2014b). There are several health risks living within Denver County. These risks include seisms, hazardous materials, winter storms, and severe thunderstorms with hail, lightening, tornados, and/or flooding (Office of Emergency Management, 2014b). walk out and run injuries have become an epidemic in Denver County with an increase in fatal crashes in Denver County.Denver police reported 18,662 tip-and-run accidents, both sustaining injuries and sustaining no injuries, during 2011-2013 (Hubbard, 2014). At least one person in Denver metro area is injured every day by a hit-and-run driver and nearly three times a month a pedestrian is fatally injured by a motorist who flee s the scene (Hubbard, 2014). Colorado legislators have belatedly increased the potential prison sentence for hit-and-run cases resulting in bodily injury and/or death. They have also hold an alert program to inform the public on suspects, vehicles, and/or license plate numbers in an attempt to help in track down perpetrators (Hubbard, 2014).Disaster Assessment and PlanningThe state of Colorado and city of Denver has worked hard to organize a variety of disaster and emergency preparedness plans within the community. One source of tuition, READYColorado, offers a variety of data sources for the community. Their website, READYColorado.com, offers awareness and disaster preparedness for a variety of natural disasters, technological disasters, and human caused disasters. The website also contains statistics, facts, and a calendar list of current events and training exercises.It offers links for volunteer opportunities regarding community involvement and educational classes and it also lists ways to stay informed of emergenciesfrom such sources such as radio, video recording, text, live twitter feeds, and blogs. Three critical facilities in Denver County include three specific venues Coors Field with 50K capacity, The Pepsi essence with 19K capacity, and Sports Authority at Mile High Stadium with 76K capacity (City and County of Denver, 2011). The most vulnerable populations to these disasters are the 22.3% of households with children less than 18 years of age, the approximately 23,000 individuals 65+ that live independently, and the residents in 51 long term care facilities within Denver County (City and County of Denver, 2011).The primary disaster of concern for the Denver County is winter weather. Winter weather is an expectation living in Colorado. READYColorado contains information for home and vehicle preparation, emergency communications planning, proper dress for indoors and outdoors to protect the body from hypothermia, and hypothermia/frostbite warnin g signs. One can also find more information at Ready.gov, Colorado Department of Transportation, NOAA watch, and the American Red Cross regarding winter weather and the risks involved. Avalanches are of great threat to the mountainous regions of Colorado but do not pose a threat within Denver County.The risk of earthquakes is low in Denver County. However if an earthquake was to occur, the city would be very susceptible to extensive damage. Residencies and some of the older buildings in Denver are not made to withstand earthquakes and would most belike suffer damage to their structures (Office of Emergency Management, 2014b).Severe thunderstorms bringing hail, lightening, and tornados pose threats to the Denver County annually. Residents of the Colorados Front Range area are located in the heart of Hail Alley which begins mid-April and lasts through mid-August. The Front Range and Denver County receives a high frequency of large hail annually, averaging three to four hailstorms a year, and costing at least 25 million dollars in insured damage for each event (READYColorado and the State of Colorado, 2014b). Lightening poses the greatest threat to areas where the mountains and plains crossbreed (READYColorado and the State of Colorado, 2014b). Three deaths related tolightning strikes have known to occur in Denver since 2001 (National prevail Service, 2011). Tornados pose a threat to all areas of Colorado however tornados to not typically get high intensity ratings within Denver County (City and County of Denver, 2011). Flying debris from high winds cause most injuries. NOAA weather radio, telephone alerts, and television sources provide alerts severe thunderstorms and the destructive events that they bring.Denver County also has an outdoor warning siren system consisting of 76 electro-mechanical sirens that sound when there are tornado alerts and warnings (Office of Emergency Management, 2014a). Wildfire ignition by lightning is a bigger concern rural Color ado areas compared to the city. Respiratory problems can still result from the inhalation of smoke spread by wind. Wildfires burn thousands of acres and destroy hundreds of structures annually in Colorado. These fires are generally ignited by lightening or human causes and can easily be fueled by drought conditions, insect infestations, and heat. READYColorado offers information on risk assessment, home preparation, evacuation plans, and shelter information.More information regarding wildfires can be found at Ready.gov, Ready, Set, Go, Surviving Wildfire, The Red Cross, US Fire Administration FEMA, and Colorado State Forest Service websites. Colorado Wildfire Risk Assessment entrance is also a useful tool in determining fire risks. Currently, Denvers fire risk is between lowest intensity and concord intensity risk (Colorado State Forest Service, 2014). Flooding has a big impact on Colorado and in 2013 challenged many residents in the Denver area. NOAA Weather Radio, commercial ra dio, television, and internet sources provide information on flood watches and warnings, including flash floods in Denver County. Flash flooding along streams such as red-faced Creek, Clear Creek, and Harvard Gulch pose the greatest threats within the Denver area.The Corps of Engineers, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, and the Urban Drainage and Flood chequer District websites provide 2013 flood information, current projects, and resources for flooding preparation and damage control in Colorado. Health risks involved from flooding include contamination from bacteria (ie. E.coli), parasites (ie. giaria), and viruses (ie. Hepatitis A), respiratory infections from mold and other irritants, and bodily injury from swiftly moving currents, electricity hazards, and hypothermia. It is very important for all Denver County residents to be up to reckon with Tetanusvaccinations.Terrorism poses a rather unpredictable threat to Denver County. Denver County has a large metr opolis population and houses both government buildings and army installations, contains large sports stadiums and an international airport. It is known that failure of the Cherry Creek Dam would cause catastrophic damage to both life and property within Denver County (City and County of Denver, 2011). There have been known international and domestic terrorist groups identified in Colorado during previous years (City and County of Denver, 2011). Education regarding the eight signs of terrorism can be found at multiple terrorism related websites including READYColorado.com. Denver also has specialized units including Denver Police Department Mounted Patrol, S.W.A.T.(Special Weapons And Tactics) whos primary accusative deals with hostage negotiation, drug busts and counterterrorism (City and County of Denver, 2011).Hazardous material spill have an increase potential in Denver County related to the many different companies storing hazardous materials within city limits. There are appr oximately 400 facilities storing reportable quantities of hazardous materials on properties located throughout the county (Office of Emergency Management, 2014). Each company is regulated by law to hold emergency plans that would go into effect if an accidental release of substance was to occur. The interstates bring added risk to Denver County related to the traffic along I-25 and I-70. These two interstates pass through densely populated areas of Denver County Denver fire and police have Hazardous Materials Response teams in place that are trained to respond to such an event(s).Denver County has nearly a dozen different hospitals with a vast amount of public transportation options such as bicycle, RTD bus and light rail services, taxi cabs, car2go, and Lyft services. Denver County has excellent communications and response teams in the event of a disaster with a vast amount of online education however this information is published mostly in the English phraseology. With such a la rge population of homeless in Denver County and 18.9% of all households at or below poverty level (U.S. CensusBureau, 2010), the internet is not a good primary option for learning. Also, approximately 28% of all households verbalise a language other than English (City and County of Denver, 2011).Community DiagnosisDenver County is a very strong community regarding the number of educated workforce, median household income, number of hospitals, amount of public ground transportation, the protection of air and water quality, and the number of fire and police with specialty training teams and programs operating within the community. There is a very small percentage of residents 65+ who live independently and slightly over 1/5 of all households have children less than 18 years of age. The primary language is English and the community culture has a good overall team mentality. Denver Countys birth rate two-base hit the death rate with the leading cause of death cardiovascular disease in a primary death rate existing in the population 85+ (Colorado Department of Public Health, 2012).Denver County has many open avenues regarding opportunities and readiness attitudes within community. The population of Denver County is approximately 50% male and 50% female with a median age of 33.7 years old (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010a). This provides the community with the opportunity to explore young ideas and diversity among sexes.Denver County has a large number of homeless population with approximately 1/5 of the total population at or below poverty. These numbers exceed the national average. Denver County has two specific food programs being utilized greatly SNAP and WIC benefits. There is a high number of crime, violence, and gangs within Denver County. There is a high level of alcohol and drug abuse within the community as well. Specialized police teams and community resources/programs assist with deterring these types of activities and assist in recovery efforts for those indi viduals. Colorado has recently legalized recreational marijuana which could be positive in terms of tax revenue for the state and future funding of programs and resources for the community. There could also be negative consequences regarding adolescent drug use and the increase of impaired drivers on the streets however these statistics have not yet been measured and studied.Denver County iscontains a 100% urban population. This is both a strength and weakness to the city in terms of emergency evacuation. There are three critical facilities that exist in Denver County at specific venues with a capacity between 19K and 76K (City and County of Denver, 2011). Denver County is centrally located between I-25 and I-70 which can be an opportunity for evacuation or a barrier regarding avenues for drug trafficking and other illegal activities. There is a high ratio of hit-and-run injuries and fatalities within Denver County. Colorado legislators have recently increased potential prison sente nces for hit-and-run cases resulting bodily injury and/or death. They have also formalized an alert program to inform and involve the public as an attempt to help track down perpetrators.The formulation of a city-wide educational program focusing on the prevention of hit-and-run occurrences may be beneficial in reducing these numbers as well. It is important for the Denver Police Department to have quicker response times to both sudden and non-emergent calls. Hopefully with the addition of new recruits for the force who are currently in training, Denver County will see quicker response time to all calls made. This will also hopefully decrease the amount of gang-related crimes and deter community activity in general. It is evident that Denver County has a large trash and litter problem.The excogitation of more trash cans and recycle containers parallel with city-wide education would be beneficial in decreasing this problem. It would also be of benefit to the community and the court systems to enact a community service program that revolved around helping clean up the neighborhoods and streets. Denver County has good disaster and emergency preparedness plans within the community however educational resources to the public need to be explored with a variety of different materials and other languages for maximum effectiveness. The primary educational method is by internet with most of the materials written in the English language only. Nearly 1/3 of all households in Denver County speak a language other than English.ReferencesCity and County of Denver. (2011, Oct). Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment. Retrieved march 8, 2014,fromhttp//www.google.com/ uniform resource locator?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source =web&cd=1&ved=0CCUQFjAA& uniform resource locator=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.denvergov.org%2FPortals%2F428%2Fdocuments%2FDenver%2520Hazard%2520Identification%2520and%2520Risk%2520Assessment.pdf&ei=AvEtU6etF8OJogSh5oDwDw&usg=AFQjCNEEQhg_2-JDt_OVeX3pIyYSKGcx9g&bvm=bv. 62922401,d.cGU Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. (n.d.). Health Statistics 2012.Retrieved March 10, 2014, from http//www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CCUQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chd.dphe.state.co.us%2FResources%2Fvs%2F2012%2FDenver.pdf&ei+I14tU9zPA-SNygGZ-IDYBw&usG=AFQjCNH_VbyYxdRvmxNekgRu-y0LhIgrzw&bvm=bv.62922401,d.aWcColorado State Forest Service. (2014). Colorado Wildfire Risk Assessment Portal. RetrievedMarch 10, 2014, from http//www.coloradowildfirerisk.com/map Denver Fire Department. (2014, January 7). In Wikipedia. Retrieved March 9, 2014, fromhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denver_Fire_DepartmentDenver Police Department. (2014, January 6). Reported Offenses In The City And County OfDenver By Month. Retrieved March 8, 2014, from http//www.denvergov.org/police/PoliceDepartment/CrimeInformation/CrimeStatisticsMaps/tabid/441370/Default.aspx Denvers Water Quality Program. (2014, February 14). Sampling Results. Retrieved March 9,2014, from https//www.facebook.com/DenversWaterQualityProgram?sk=app_190322544333196&app_dataDepartment of Environmental Health. (2014a). Air Quality Program Our Role In ProtectingAir Quality. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http//wwwdenvergov.org/environmentalHealth/EnvironmentalHealth/EnvironmentalQuality/EnvironmenatlAssessmentPolicyAirQuality/tabid/444649/Default.aspxDepartment of Environmental Health. (2014b). Water Quality Program Trash and Litter.Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http//wwwdenvergov.org/environmentalhealth/EnvironmentalHealth/EnvironmentalQuality/WaterQuality/tabid/444650/Default.aspx Department of Environmental Health. (2014c). Water Quality Program Water Quality In Lakesand Streams. Retreived March 9, 2014, from https//wwwdenver.gov.org/environmentalhealth/EnvironmentalHealth/EnvironmentalQuality/WaterQuality/tabid/444650/Default.AspxGang activity in Denver. (2013, August 17). In Wikipedia. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gang_activity_in_Denv erGurman, Sadie. (2013, October 15). The Denver Post. Denver Police Gang violence rises thisyear, involves more victims. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http//www.denverpost.com/breakingnews/ci_24309448/denver-police-gang-violence-rises-this-year?source=rss Hubbard, Brent. (2014, Feburary 17). Rocky Mountain PBS. Hit-and-run fatal crashes risingin Colorado. Retrieved March 10, 2014, from http//www.coloradoan.com/article/20140217/WINDSORBEACON01/302170069/Hit-run-fatal-crashes-rising-Colorado Kroh, Kiley. (2014, February 24). Climate Progress Colorado Become The First State ToRegulate Methane Emissions from Fracking. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http//thinkprogress.org/ climate/2014/02/24/3322651/Colorado-methane-fracking/ Maass, Brian. (2013, October 3). CBS Denver. Denver Police Response Times Worsen,Complaints Rising. Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http//denver.cbslocal.com/2013/10/03/denver-police-response-times-worsen-complaints-rising/ Mendelson, Bruce. (2014, Feburary). National Institute on Drug Abuse. Drug Abuse Patternsand Trends in Colorado and the Denver/Boulder Metropolitan Area Update Jan 2014.Retrieved March 9, 2014, from http//www.drugabuse.gov/about-nida/organization/workgroups-interest-groups-consortia/community-epidemiology-work-group-cewg/meeting-reports/highlights-summaries-january-2014-4Metro Denver Homeless Initiative and National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty.(2013, January). The Gathering Place Homelessness and Poverty Statistics. RetrievedOn March 8, 2014, from http//www.tgpdenver.org/homelessnessfaq?printable National Weather Service. (2011, June 21). Colorado and National Lightning Casualty Statistics.Retrieved March 10, 2014, from http//www.crh.noaa.gov/pub/?n=/Itg/Itg_stats_index.phpOffice of Emergency Management. (2014a). Alert and Warning Systems. Retrieved March 10,2014, https//www.denvergov.org/AlertandWarning/tabid/391430/default.aspx Office of Emergency Management. (2014b). Potential Threats. Retrieved March 9, 2014, fromhttp//www.denvergov.org/Redirect_404/tabid/391429/Default.aspx? READYColorado and the State of Colorado. (2014a). Retrieved March 10, 2014, from https//www.readycolorado.com/READYColorado and the State of Colorado. (2014b). Severe Weather/Thunderstorm. RetrievedMarch 10, 2014, from https//www.readycolorado.com/hazard/severe-weatherthunderstormREADYColorado and the State of Colorado. (2014c). Tornado. Retrieved March 10, 2014,from https//www.readycolorado.com/hazard/tornadoREADYColorado and the State of Colorado. (2014d). Wildfire. Retrieved March 10, 2014, fromhttps//www.readycolorado.com/hazard/wildfire

A comparative study of Omani employees’ perception toward managers’ leadership styles and management competences in public and private sectors.

IntroductionLeaders atomic number 18 fast becoming value as the key to victor for organisations across the globe and as such studies on how leaders are created and how leaders interact with other(a)s are becoming much more prevalent (Chemmers, 1997). That said, the area of leading in the Oman context has been largely overlooked when it comes to academician say and it is here that the look is expiration to focus. Leaders indoors business are increasingly being perceived as those who are responsible for either the success or the failure of the organisation in oppugn and thitherfore their routine at bottom the organisation and the experience that others possess of them are likely to be critical to their actions. Leadership has both an extrinsic and an intrinsic role. Firstly, it could be argued that leaders reflects the way in which the earthly concern take the company or the perceptions that those outside of the organisation have of how the company manages its operati ons secondly, lead looks at the way in which the employees and those who work directly with the managers are shake up and encouraged to per tier in a suitable manner to meet with the organisations goals (Chemmers, 1997). but defining what is meant by leadership and the various styles that are seen to be available for such leaders is an academic study in itself, with whizz of the most accepted definitions being that of Chemers (1997, p.1) who stated that leadership is seen as a process of social see in which one person bottom enlist the aid and financing of others in the accomplishment of a common task. This type of collaborative appeal will form the basic underlying concept of leadership, regardless of the jurisdiction in which it is operating. Following on from this background disposition the enquiry will accordingly go on to look at how leadership in Oman can be developed to achieve greater commercial success with reference to the distinction between commonplace and no n familiar area organisations.Background of the StudyAlthough there has been a large amount of general belles-lettres in the area of leadership and the emergent theories of leadership that have come about in modern years, there has been a small level of visualiseing regarding the role of leadership within the developing domain of Oman. It has been suggested by Dorfman in 2004 that one of the main difficulties is that organisations in Oman are typically not very limpid with their operations and this can make it harder to identify any form of business strategy, let alone one that is rooted in the perceptions of individual employees. Taking an internal view of the way in which an organisation plant life is a crucial element of then looking at the role of the leader and how they can work the performance of employees. It is argued here that one of the key issues is, in fact, that the political context of the region has a concrete and direct impingement on the organisation and the types of leadership that are likely to be effective. Crucially, it is alike indispensable to look at the cultural and political factors that are at play within Oman and not to exactly assume that Arab destination will prevail. As a further point, by way of background, it is also note by Dorfman that in Oman (as is the fact in many developing regions) the universal sector is often the hotheaded force with internal practices, such as leadership outgrowth emanating from public sector agendas. Finally, it is worth noting that Oman itself is a relatively small body politic when looking at population, with a total of 3.5 million. On the face of it, the country has many similar characteristics with its Arab neighbours and is also subject to rapid scotch growth however, it is suggested in this wallpaper that Oman has a unique geographical and political scope which encourages the organisations, both public and private, to outperform other countries in the said(prenominal) re gion (Haligan, 2007). There are arguably multiple factors that are likely to collision on how leadership is dealt with in Oman and these will be considered in greater detail in the thesis when comparing the approaches in the public and private sectors. These are briefly identified by Haligan in 2007 and include the political development in the region and the British bring, in relegateicular. Issues of religion and nicety are also thought to be important in the region and these are arguably factors that remain prevalent, even where there are economic changes or there are factors that may otherwise impact on the operation of the business.Problem educational activityThe problem statement for this look for paper is to look primarily at the comparison between the public sector and private sector leadership skills, with reference to the employees perceptions of their leaders. Although this is a relatively specific area of study, there are potential issues that need to be looked at s urrounding the study, in order to ascertain the impact that the various leadership styles have on the perceptions of employees and therefore on their final behaviour. Employee behaviours are arguably link to the leadership style, but it is also expected that other underlying factors, such as religion, culture and political sympathies will have an impact. A comparison between public and private sectors may provide a greater sagaciousness of these issues and the ways in which leaders can improve their own behaviours, in the future, to influence the performance of their employees.Research Question and ObjectivesThe question here is to squeeze a comparative study of the role of the managers and their leadership styles, from the point of view of employee perspectives, in both the public and private sectors in Oman with a view to presenting overall findings. In order to be able to provide a balanced response to this research question, there are several other objectives that need to b e looked at, so that the answer to the research question can then provide future guidance, which can add value to those involved in unified Oman. Firstly, there is a requirement to understand the various leadership styles that may be employed by leaders and the way in which these are likely to develop within the workplace. Factors that may impact on the choice of leadership approach will also be looked at, with reference to the corporate climate in Oman. For example, it may be thought that the political context is relevant to the leadership style and that this will then be different in the public and private sectors. Similarly, it may be argued that religion or culture plays a much greater role than whether or not the organisation is public or private sector orientated. Secondly, as well as the actual factors that influence leadership styles, the next part of the research is to look at the impact that leadership styles have on employee perceptions of the leaders themselves, or inde ed the organisation. The ultimate aim of this research is for those involved in leadership to be able to understand how they can influence employee behaviours to the benefit of the organisation, in the future. With this in mind, the research question will need to be broken down, to understand the factors that are present but unchangeable and those which can be influenced, so as to create a more balanced view as to what leaders and managers can do to change the operation and the perceptions of their employees within the workplace.Background Literature ReviewDespite the fact that there is a large amount of literature available in terms of leadership styles, all of which will be looked at as part of the main research, the real essence of this research will be to look at leadership in the context of Oman and Omani culture. Over the years, it is argued that Omani culture and how it deals with politics, in particular, is that it has supported a participative leadership approach as being the dominant form of accepted leadership within the culture. This was the subject of the discussion in the paper of Eickleman, (1987) who entrap that the people of Oman, in general, operated by consultation, with leaders being largely selected based on chastity, rather than on succession. This type of underlying culture is important as a means of understanding the prevailing culture and the likely employee perceptions of their leaders. Specific research in the area of Omani business has also taken place, identifying that the way in which leaders are selected by priests within the community by merit from a religions context which offers an opportunity for further analysis within the commercial context. Arguably, this type of social woof was also seen to be prevalent when Al-Ghailani researched the area, in 2005, considering how this then influences human resources practices. It was found in this research that the uptake of social criteria was often seen as important when it came to recruitment and promotional decisions. This was evidenced in the 2005 research by the fact that it was found that many religious leaders were petitioning the public sector to recruit family members into certain roles. He found that there were essentially 2 different leadership structures in operation, the first looking at merit and the notion of recruiting to fill a need and the second based on family and cultural issues. This two fold approach suggests that leadership is unlikely to be a black and white scenario and perceptions are going to vary from person to person not just from organisation to organisation. By looking at other areas of research into leadership and therefore the employee perceptions that emerge as a result of the leadership, it can be seen that there are very distinct opinions, with those such as Farazmand, (2006) noting that this social element in fact complements leadership and improves perceptions, rather than being a detriment to the European and Western approach. A specific research paper that looked at the leadership values in Oman was undertaken by Neal et al (2005), which found that positive leaders were seen as those displaying attributes of strong charisma, being largely interactive and also having a degree of authority inherent in their attitude. This indicated that those successful leaders in Oman were not actually far remote from the Western ideals. In particular, Neal et al. found that an effective leader in Oman needed to be concerned with the personal welfare of all of the employees and that a further level of respect is given to the use of legal authority, which is seemingly logical given the broad(prenominal) level of bureaucracy within the region.MethodologyThe methodology that is going to be used in the research here is inductive in nature, as it will look at the observations and actions of the various different managers, in front then attempting to produce an overall theory that could ultimately apply across both private and public sector organisations. The first step of this research, therefore, is to undertake a full literature review and analysis of the leadership approaches and those factors that theoretically have a means of determining the different perceptions which are going to emerge from employees in relation to the leadership skills displayed. From this general theoretical understanding, primary research in the form of case study interviews will then be undertaken, with the author looking specifically at two organisations, one in the public sector and one in the private sector. Although it is recognised that ideally several different organisations should be looked at, it is noted that the reality is such that focusing on two organisations will allow for sufficient sagacity of comparison between the styles of leadership. This will then be used to produce a theory and a set of suggestions as to how the information can then be applied to establishing a set of recommendations for man agers across Oman and indeed across other similar jurisdictions.Limitations / Ethical ConsiderationsA key limitation which has been identified is that the case study element will only look at one organisation from the public sector and one from the private sector. It would be desirable to look at a broader range of organisations and even to undertake such research over a period of time, to ascertain how these issues change and the long term impact of culture and politics, at that point in time. There may also be concerns that the employees will not be as open as they could be, due to concerns about what their manager will think therefore, anonymity is crucial and is something that needs to be taken to the forefront when collecting data.ReferencesAl-Ghailani, R. (2005). Equal opportunity in public office in principle and practice An empirical study of the Omani Civil Service. Doctoral dissertation, University of Hull, Hull.Al-Hamadi, A., Budhwar, P., & Shipton, H. (2007). centering of human resources in Oman. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18(1), 100-113. LondonChemers M. (1997). An integrative theory of leadership. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, CA, Publishers.Dorfman, P., & House, R. (2004). cultural influences on organizational leadership. In R. House, P. Hanges, M. Javidan, P. Dorfman, & V. Gupta (Eds.), Culture, leadership and organizations, the GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage.Farazmand, A. (2006). customary sector reforms and transformation Implications for development administration. In A. Huque & H. Zafarullah (Eds.), International development governance. Boca Raton, FL CRC/Taylor and Francis.Halligan, J. (2007). Leadership and the senior service from a comparative perspective. In B. Peters & J. Pierre (Eds.), Handbook of public administration (pp. 63-74). London Sage.Hofstede, G. (2001). Cultures consequences study values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage.Jabbra, J., & Jabbra, N. (2005). Administrative culture in the Middle East. In J. Jabbra & O. Dwivedi (Eds.), Administrative culture in a global context. Whitby, ON de Sitter.Neal, M., Finlay, J., & Tansey, R. (2005). My father knows the minister A comparative study of Arab women?s attitudes towards leadership authority. Women in Management Review, 20(7/8), 478-498.Riphenburg, C. (1998). Oman Political development in a changing world. Westport, CT Praeger.Winckler, O. (2000). disjunction monarchies as rentier states The nationalization policies of the labor force. In J. Kostiner (Ed.), Middle East monarchies The challenge of modernity (pp. 237-256). London Lynne Rienner.

Causes and Consequences of Reduced Biodiversity Essay

Ca offices and consequences of reduced biodiversity in tropical rain sets In many tropical countries, the majority of de timbreation results from the actions of poor subsistence cultivators. However, in brazil only about one-third of recent de toneation can be linked to cultivators. A grown portion of deforestation in Brazil can be attributed to orbit modify for pastureland by commercial and speculative interests, misguided presidency policies, inappropriate World Bank projects, and commercial exploitation of forest resources. For effective action it is imperative that these issues be addressed.Focusing solely on the promotion of sustainable use by local people would neglect the nigh important forces behind deforestation in Brazil. Brazilian deforestation is strongly correlated to the economic health of the country the decline in deforestation from 1988-1991 nicely matched the economic slowdown during the same period, musical composition the rocketing rate of deforestation fr om 1993-1998 paralleled Brazils period of quick economic growth. During lean clocks, ranchers and developers do not have the cash to rapidly expand their pasturelands and operations, while the government lacks funds to sponsor highways and colonization programs and grant tax breaks and subsidies to forest exploiters.Clearing for cows PastureCattle ranching are the leading cause of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. This has been the case since at least(prenominal) the 1970s government figures attributed 38 per centum of deforestation from 1966-1975 to large-scale cows ranching. However, today the situation whitethorn be even worse. According to the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), between 1990 and 2001 the percentage of Europes processed meat imports that came from Brazil rose from 40 to 74 percent and by 2003 for the first time ever, the growth in Brazilian cattle production 80 percent of which was in the Amazon was largely export driven.Factors* CURRE NCY DEVALUATIONThe devaluation of the Brazilian real against the dollar effectively doubled the price of beef in reals and created an incentive for ranchers to expand their pasture areas at the expense of the rain forest. The weakness of the real also made Brazilian beef more competitive on the world market CIFOR. * CONTROL OVER FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASEThe obliteration of foot-and-mouth disease in much of Brazil has increased price and demand for Brazilian beef. * INFRASTRUCTURE pass construction allow fors developers and ranchers access to previously inaccessible forest lands in the Amazon. stem improvements can reduce the be of shipping and packing beef. * INTEREST RATESRainforest lands are often used for land theory purposes.When real pasture land prices exceed real forest land prices, land clearing is a good hedge against inflation. At times of high inflation, the appreciation of cattle prices and the stream of services (milk) they proffer may outpace the interest rate earn ed on money left in the bank. * refine TENURE LAWSIn Brazil, colonists and developers can gain title to Amazon lands by simply clearing forest and placing a few head of cattle on the land. As an additional benefit, cattle are a low-risk investment relative to cash crops which are subject to wild price swings and pest infestations. Essentially cattle are a vehicle for land ownership in the Amazon.Colonization and subsequent subsistence agricultureA significant meat of deforestation is caused by the subsistence activities of poor farmers who are encouraged to settle on forest lands by government land policies. In Brazil, each squatter acquires the right (k promptlyn as a usufruct right) to progress using a piece of land by living on a plot of unclaimed public land (no matter how marginal the land) and using it for at least one year and a day. After five years the squatter acquires ownership and hence the right to sell the land. Up until at least the mid-1990s this system was worsen ed by the government policy that allowed each claimant to gain title for an add of land up to three times the amount of forest clear(p).Poor farmers use fire for clearing land and every year satellite images pick up tens of thousands of fires skiping across the Amazon. Typically understory shrubbery is cleared and then forest trees are cut. The area is left to dry out for a few months and then burned. The land is planted with crops like bananas, palms, manioc, maize, or rice. After a year or two, the productivity of the soil declines and the cursory farmers press a little deeper and clear new forest for more short-term agricultural land. The old, now infertile fields are used for small-scale cattle grazing or left for waste.Infrastructure ImprovementsRoad construction in the Amazon leads to deforestation. Roads provide access to logging and mining sites while opening forest frontier land to exploitation by poor landless farmers.Brazils Trans-Amazonian Highway was one of the mo st economic development programs ever devised, and one of the most spectacular failures. In the 1970s, Brazil planned a 2,000 mile highway that would bisect the massive Amazon forest, opening rain forest lands to settlement by poor farmers from the crowded, drought-plagued north and development of timber and mineral resources. Colonists would be granted a 250-acre lot, six-months salary, and easy access to agricultural loans in exchange for settling along the highway and converting the surrounding rainforest into agricultural land. The plan would grow to cost Brazil US$65,000 1980 dollars to settle each family, an amazing amount for Brazil, a developing country at the time.Commercial agricultureRecently, soybeans have become one of the most important contributors to deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Thanks to a new variety of soybean developed by Brazilian scientists to flourish in rainforest climate, Brazil is on the verge of supplanting the unite States as the worlds leadi ng exporter of soybeans. High soybean prices have also served as an trend to expanding soybean cultivation. enterIn theory, logging in the Amazon is controlled by strict licensing which allows timber to be harvested only in designated areas. However, there is significant evidence that illegal logging is quite widespread in Brazil. In recent years, Ibama Brazils env beseechmental enforcement agency has made several large seizures of illegally harvested timber including one in September 2003 when 17 people were arrested for allegedly cutting 10,000 hectares worth of timber.Logging in the Amazon is closely linked with road building. Studies by the Environmental Defense Fund salute that areas that have been selectively logged are eight times more likely to be settled and cleared by shifting cultivators than untouched rainforests because of access granted by logging roads. Logging roads give colonists access to rainforest, which they exploit for fuel wood, game, building material, and temporary agricultural lands.FiresVirtually all forest clearing, by small farmer and plantation owner alike, is done by fire. Though these fires are intended to burn only limited areas, they frequently escape agricultural plots and pastures and char pristine rainforest, especially in dry years like 2005. Many of the fires set for clearing forest for these purposes are set during the three-month burning date and the smoke throwd creates widespread problems across the region, including airport closings and hospitalizations from smoke inhalation.These fires cover a vast area of forest. In 1987 during a four-month period, about 19,300 square miles of Brazilian Amazon were burned. The burning produced carbon dioxide containing more than 500 trillion tons of carbon, 44 million tons of carbon monoxide, and millions of tons of other particles and nitrogen oxides. An estimated 20 percent of fires that burn between June and October cause new deforestation, while another 10 percent is the b urning of reasonableness cover in virgin forestMiningMining in the Brazilian Amazon now results in limited deforestation due to crackdowns on informal miners known as garimpeiros. The pig iron industry may have the largest role in mining-driven deforestation by consuming wood to produce charcoal to fuel steel production.

Bitter Strawberries Essay

In intent we must savor the sweet and conclusionure the nipping ch totallyenges, when it comes to accommodating to a perilous situation. An ongoing warf be on terror is exacting a heavy feelingal toll on families and differentwise singles that are in danger due to being surround by an atrocious environ custodyt that involves war. The life of apprehensive individuals has never been an easy one to live, with frequent upheavals of the individuals and very niggling sense of conceal over their lives. Perpetually living around brutality, destruction, and violence links individuals into obtaining bundles of emotions to a accepted(a) extent.From a psychoanalytic point-of-view, war affects friendship in a way that is painful the war engenders a deep effect on other individuals lives as closely as their perceptions and obtained views from the lay waste to experience of the surrounded environment fulfilled with hatred, mischievousness, and depravity. As war increases in brutal ity to a certain extent, societys aspects are intensely affectedthis issue can result in the destroying of land, culture, and other tangible aspects.A poem, Bitter Strawberries, written by Sylvia Plath, is a sardonic way of describing a war that pretend bumpred in Russia. While this piece offers little insight into human nature, it portrays some solid images, even though disconnected and often jar. All morning in the strawberry field the speaker sets the scene by distinguishing herself and one or more companions from the women who are talking ab place the Russians. one particular word that stood out the most within the first two lines was the Russians. This specific clue can enhance an individuals interpretation and observation of the hidden message within the poem. In history Russia was known for its dangerous, malicious war and obtaining the characteristic of being destructive of society, so this particular clue could be conveyed within the message as of being the poems topic of an atrocious war occurring that is gradually destroying the environment as well as many inhabitants sweet side of life, which turns into complete bitterness. Horseflies buzzed, paused and stung and the taste of strawberries turned thick and sour. wherefore did the taste of strawberries turned thick and sour? Had they tasted thin and sweet originally the horseflies stung or perchance before the subject of the Soviet-American Cold War relations had been broached? The disconnect amidst the horseflies and the taste of berries is jarring and obstructs any real meaning of and purpose for this three-line versagraph. Certain literary devices were used to convey the meaning of the poem, by catching the subscribers interest.One of the devices that were used in this particular poem was Symbolism. The literary poem contains symbolism because the bitter strawberries displays the overall mood of the Russian society as a whole. Strawberries are sweet solely can lead to bitterness which portrays the gloriole of the war. The world of Russia was tranquilent and quiet, but when the war occurred it led to bitterness and despair. resource was contained in the poem when it states that the horseflies buzzed, paused, and stung. Stung is a feeling that was obtained from others in society as if they were actually stung by an insect ,but it was a feeling of pain obtained by the negative atmosphere of war Sylvia uses horseflies sting as a way of comparing the inflicting pain of an insect to an actual emotion that were felt by others in the poem. She stood up a thin commanding figure, in faded dungarees. businesslike she asked us, How many quarts? She recorded the total in her nonebook, and we all turned back to filling. By this point the reader is wondering when the point of it all will be made and how the speaker will tie all the loose ends together.The last stanza Kneeling over the rows, we reached among the leaves with quick practiced hands, cupping the berry protect ively before snapping off the stem between thumb and forefinger. The reader will experience a profound confusion expecting the final stanza to save this piece. Instead of offering anything near a resolution, the speaker simply describes the act of picking strawberries. The emotion behind the countrys bitterness of fighting another country automatically affects societys sweetness and joy being drained into a pool of woe, sorrow, and despair.Since a war is occurring between two opposing forces, the countries may not like each other due to a different religious beliefs, race,etc. From a Feminist point-of-view the bitter strawberries represents the sweet females that have been tortured and dominated by the men of their Russian society as a way of practicing their religious belief the women may feel get the better of down and helpless to a certain extent, which leads them to feeling unwanted, worthless, and the abuse turns them into a bitter human being, because no man have appreciat ed their sweet characteristic.From a Psychoanalytic point-of-view, the individual within the poem signifies the bitter strawberries as a way of comparing his/her attempted mistakes, cruel life, and harsh treatments from others. Experiencing something that is imposed as being dangerous to society can carry the process of gained perceptions or views of the experience. Emotions are portrayed among this topic because in order to sense the world and observe every negative/positive aspect, some feeling has to occur to make these assumptions upon a life experience.To a certain extent war does affect a soulfulnesss views and perceptions obtained from a point-of-view to a life situation because if the effect is characterized as being bad, then the individual will build some form of hatred against every common piece of life that involves other countriestherefore the morals and ethics behind the perceptions are transformed into a new state of mind.The little girl with blue eyes was fulfilled with a terror emotion because of the nefarious environment that she was surrounded by this prime example represents the title above, the sweet girl that is filled with sweetness concludes at the end of the poem with a bitterness feeling because of fear. Until one have experienced this anguished situation, he/she does not know how it feels to automatically lose the sweetness of life to the cold, crucial life of bitterness.

1984 Sexual Rebellion

Jamie Aragon English 12 B-2 17 March 2005 Sexual disorder The First Lady, Abigail Adams, once stated, If particular c be and attention is non paid to the ladies, we ar determined to advance a graybacklion, and will not hold ourselves bound by any laws in which we contrive no voice, or representation (BrainyQuote). This logical argument was intended for rebellion regarding the rights of women, however rebellion is rebellion. Due to this stand conduct by Adams and other women, the females in society today are fortunate enough to have stock whole of the rights possible.Rebellion is not only used when citizens rights are needed, but as Abigail said, it is used when people have no voice or representation. For example, galore(postnominal) teenagers tone like they are never listened to or that counterbalance if they were heard, their comments would be irrelevant. What happens with these kids when this fares? Many rebel to get their point across and their voices heard. While the re are approximately(prenominal) forms of rebellion among high school and early college students, such as involving oneself in alcohol or drugs, the some common type could be agreed upon as involving oneself in wake upual activity.Similarly, Winston and Julia also rebelled against a g everywherenance in which they did not have a say. These are the two main characters from George Orwells dystopic novel, 1984, in which the protagonist, Winston metalworker, is watched e very(prenominal)(prenominal) second of every day by their government that is also known as deep Brother. enormous Brothers intense control is what led Winston to do what he felt needed to be turn ine. Despite the governments support for justice and accolade, Winston and Julia engaged in intimate activity to rebel against tough Brother.When an mandate figure has a strong stance on a certain detect or law, those are the situations that are more likely to be broken, simply due to the fact that they are rules that are set to not be rebelled against. Winston comments to Julia, I hate purity, I hate goodness. I feignt regard any virtue to exist anywhere. I want everyone to be corrupt to the mug up (Orwell 137). These were two of the many things that Big Brother strongly supported. Therefore, when one wanted to rebel against this government and the rules that they stood for, purity and goodness were easy targets to act upon, as did Winston and Julia.After hearing this comment, Julia responds by telling Winston that she is the epitome of what corruption to the clappers is. Smith is delighted to hear this from her, understanding that this is the woman whom he will rebel with. In fact, That was above all what he wanted to hear. Not merely the kip down of one person, but the animal instinct, the round-eyed undifferentiated desire that was the force that would tear the Party to pieces (137). What is stated implies that Winston is not looking for a animation partner, rather more of on th e nose a partner in crime someone that will essence him in the rebellion.Their dialogue that was proceeding consisted of Winston telling Julia that the more partners she had been with, the more he loved her. However, the love that he uses with her, is it real love or is it more a retentive the lines of lust a lust for someone to exclusively accompany his side? Throughout the novel, it is easy for the reader to understand that one of the main themes is purity, or the neglect of. While it spew forward be looked upon in more depth, it is stated square awayly that the love reservation that the characters share is not actually love, rather just an impure political act to rebel against the Party.For example, Orwell writes, No emotion was pure, because everything was heterogeneous up with fear and hatred. Their pet had been a battle, the climax a victory. It was a blow struck against the Party. It was a political act (138). There are many examples in this novel that clearly portray this blood as just a simple act of rebellion, this being one palpable example. The author describes their embrace as a battle, implying a battle against the government their climax a victory, implying that that climax had just been what they were hoping for, a blow to the face of Big Brother.This embrace screams, Look at us, we wanted to battle against you and we were handed the prize just following the climax. However, Winston might as well have also been yelling out that he had no idea who the woman was that he just had sex with since even now he had not found out her surname or her address. However, it made no difference to him, for it was inconceivable that they could ever conglomerate indoors or exchange any kind of written communication (139). With this stated, once again, it shows that Winston is not provoke about the actual uman that Julia is, rather just the sexual aspects that she is about or believes in. He is not interested enough in Julia to even bother asking for her complete name, or finding out but where she lives. However, Orwell tries to defend this circumstance by writing that even if Winston knew where she lived, there would be no possible representation for the two to meet there, because if they were found lying together, their lives would be over. Even though there are many instances where Julia, Winston, and the narrator use the term making love, as seen before, it is not actually love making that the two engage in, rather just plain sex.While walking, Winston ponders He wished that he were walking through the streets with her just as they were doing now, but openly and without fear, talking of trivialities and buying odd and ends for the household. He wished above all that they had some place where they could be alone together without feeling the obligation to make love every sentence they met. (152) Although there is a positive aspect to this quote as Winston states that he wishes he did not feel obligated to have sex with Juli a every single time that they met, he still uses the term making love when describing his human family between them.This incommodious obligation that Winston feels is understandable and is a good change from what he has been seeing him feel, however, if he really feels that what they share is love rather than sex, why did he not care to know her surname, her morals, or anything else about her that did not regard sexuality. While some may disagree, making love is exactly what it appears. It is love that is shared between two partners who love one another, not the pleasure of sex between practically strangers. While having sex and making love could be viewed as two very different acts, Big Brother does not stand for either.Big Brother always wants the members energy and focus on the government and does not want for a moment otherwise, as they believe is what happens when members involve themselves in sexual activity. For example, Julia states, When you make love youre using up ener gy and afterwards you feel happy and dont give a damn for anything. They cant bear you to feel like that. They want you to be bursting with energy all the time (145). What is sometimes worse than committing an act of rebellion, is the feeling deep interior when the time has come to confess to this action.Winston and Julia arrive at what they think is the home of another rebel they briefly discover that this man had it in for both of them throughout the entire novel. However, before noticing this, Winston confesses about him and Julia. He states, We are enemies of the Party. We disbelieve in the principles of Ingsoc. We are thoughtciminals. We are also adulterers and I tell you this because we want to out ourselves at your mercy (185). Winston thinks that by confessing his sins to OBrien, a member of the thought police, he is setting himself along with Julia free.Little does he know that by committing this action, he was practically turning himself in by throwing both of their live s at the feet of Big Brother. This example proves that Winston and Julia committed adultery, so he says, as a pure act of rebellion against Big Brother since they are enemies of the Party. However, while I, along with many others, believe that this relationship was solely based on rebellion, Albert Camus states, Methods of thought which claim to give the check to our world in the name of revolution have become, in reality, ideologies of consent and not of rebellion. This disagreement is stating that while it is thought to be rebellion committed by Smith and Julia, it is in fact an ideology of consent, thus having nothing to do with rebellion. Despite Camus point of view, by considering all of the statements that George Orwell provides, it is still more likely to be an act of rebellion over anything. Even though this relationship can be looked upon as an act of rebellion against the Big Brother government, Winston and Julia try their utmost hardest to not let the truth get out. The y both know very well that, in this case, their rebellion could lead both of their lives to death if they were discovered.Julia whispers to Winston, And now listen, dear, weve got to fix up about the next time we meet. We may as well go back to the place in the wood weve given it a good long rest. But you must get there by a different way. Ive got it all plotted out (149). While Winston and Julia actually try to keep their rebellion a secret, many teens rebel against authority for the satisfaction of being caught and being able to reflect upon the moment they were discovered. For instance, when the Columbine takeing took place, it did not occur out of the blue, nor did the two offenders attempt to not be caught.In fact, the two boys told various people about their plan, not worrying about being disciplined before the offence. While the reader has seen proof of Winstons privation of interest in the person who Julia is, it is time to see Julias side. Had she truly cared about Winsto n, she could have go on to strive for the overcoming of Big Brother to end up together with Winston. However, she does not feel this way and it can be seen by viewing her comment We may be together for another six months- a year- theres no knowing. At the end were certain to be apart.Do you realize how perfectly alone we shall be? When once they get hold of us there will be nothing, literally nothing, that either of us can do for the other. If I confess, theyll shoot you, and if I refuse to confess theyll shoot you just the same. Nothing that I can do or say, or stop myself from saying, will put off your death for as much as five minutes. (181) Julia reflects in-depth upon what gists will appear after the relationship between her and Winston is unveiled. She confidently states that when all is over and done with, the two will not have quelled together.She repeats over and over that, no matter either one of them do or say, it is impossible and nonnegotiable for the two to remain as the sexual couple that they are, not even a duo for that matter. Through George Orwells novel, it is clear that Winston and Julia commit adultery for the single reason of rebelling against Big Brother, despite the governments support for goodness and purity. In society today, teenagers can be found constantly rebellion against authority for the simple interest group of breaking a few rules, similar to Winston smith and Julia.In the novel, 1984, rebellion was not viewed as something patriotic, nor was it looked at as a positive change to their society. However, rebellion does not always have to be seen as a negative action. For example, Margaret Lee Runbeck once made a statement that, if turned around, could read, Rebellion is always learning. This supports the statement made early regarding rebellion as not always have a negative outcome or cause. Runbeck stated, Learning is always rebellion Every bit of new truth discovered is revolutionary to what was believed before.